• Ani Yeghiazaryan

Over the past hundred years, Hovhannes Tumanyan has become, willy-nilly, a permanent companion of the Armenians, regardless of their age and educational qualification. In his own time, Tumanyan was not only a writer, but also a key figure, a personality whose multipolar magnet gathered around him all the prominent figures of our culture. But not only them. For the people who did not have a state, Tumanyan unwittingly took on the function of the state…
This obliges us to remember him not only with reverence and gratitude, but also with a sense of duty. In fact, this attitude is important not for Tumanyan, but for us. His life and work became an open textbook for the following generations. And the generations, to the best of their ability, have valued his literary legacy and appreciated his social and civic activities. Today is our turn...

• Kevork Yazedjian

Armenian schools in Beirut are being "optimized." Melkonian School closed years ago…
These developments in the Diaspora are not unexpected…
From year to year, the number of Armenian schools and students in them is decreasing abroad. Armenian school teachers often send their own children to non-Armenian schools. In some communities of the Middle East the number of Armenians is several tens or hundreds... Once active colonies have left only memories about themselves.
Even the most powerful Diaspora community cannot exist forever in a foreign land, being cut off from its homeland.

• Hrachya Amiryan

A person demonstrates different behavior in ordinary, everyday relationships and in crowded places – in the mass. According to Freud, the behavior of a person changes in the crowd; under the influence of the irrational and unconscious, human excitement increases, the person shows such behavior which in other conditions he or she would not show. What happens in a person when he or she is a part of the mass; why does his intellectual level decline in the crowd, and the person becomes easily influenced, often an opportunist? When is a human able to separate himself or herself from the crowd? How to control the behavior of the crowd? A person can meet face to face with himself or herself; what about the mass? How to understand if politicians are sincere or they lie? What are the psychological characteristics of the crowd?

The fourth, parliamentary, republic of Armenia makes attempts to establish itself. A temporary government has been formed; the executive authority has been formed but the legislative and judicial authorities have not yet been got rid of the seal of the third, presidential, republic. Of course, systemic changes will need a long time to take place.
Due to the latest political developments, new revisions and rearrangements of realities and phenomena are necessary.
The goal of our new series of episodes is to ascertain the current realities, express opinions on them, and propose possible solutions for problematic issues.

• Romen Kozmoyan
• Kevork Yazedjian
   

Rapid geopolitical developments, the super-dynamism of international relations, and various challenges demand quick, almost instantaneous responses. This requires precisely working mechanisms. This work is provided by special research and analytical structures or, in modern terms, think tanks.
The activity of think tanks is not only aimed at curbing external challenges. They carry out research to solve problems in a number of spheres, to contribute to the formation of or the influence on public opinion within countries, to familiarization with the work of such centers in the world, etc., playing a unique organizational role of propaganda.

• Vardan Atoyan

• Tigran Tumachan

Musician and ethnographer Mihran Toumajan is one of the five famous pupils of Komitas. Having lost their brilliant teacher, they went through hellish situations, and after finding each other again, they committed themselves to the cause of spreading Armenian music, especially the works of their teacher.
In 1923, they left for different countries. Mihran Toumajan went to the USA, where he founded the Armenian Song choral company and in parallel began to collect samples of folk music from his compatriots from various provinces of Western Armenia who miraculously survived and found refuge in America and to transcribe these samples to music notation.
Philologist Tigran Tumachan recounts about his uncle.

In a very complex geopolitical situation in the half of the last decade of May 1918, the Transcaucasian Seym was abolished, and its members, the three republics, declared their independence. This is the classical point of view accepted in historiography. But there is also another, Turkish point of view on the proclamation of the Armenian Republic…
If Armenia weren't part of the USSR, there would be no Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic; if there were no Arm. SSR, we would not have an independent Republic of Armenia.
Until now, experts have been discussing the name of our first republic that was inherited by the third republic in 1991 as one of the state symbols of Armenia.

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

In the thousands-year-old Armenian history, the heroic May battles of 1918 were unprecedented in historical, political, military, moral and other aspects. They were unprecedented especially because the question "to be or not to be" had never been so acute for our people before. During the ongoing Armenian Genocide, which had begun in 1894, the Turks were unable to quench their thirst for blood and decided to finally eradicate the Armenians from that tiny land that had remained from the Armenian cradle and to delete the name "Armenia", sending it to the bosom of history as a historical and geographical notion.
In May 1918, the Ararat Armenians answered with a powerful "yes" to the question of their existence by mixing the cards of the military-political elite of Turkey and its impudent diplomacy, defeating the troops of the glorious Turkish 9th and 36th divisions in Sardarapat and Bash-Aparan.

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

The Russian and British interests clashed in Transcaucasia. Under the circumstances of this policy, the people of Zangezur and Artsakh were able to demonstrate a praiseworthy struggle.
Andranik went from the gavar of Gokhtn to Zangezur to participate in the self-defense. In this situation, the policy of the government of the first Armenian republic in Zangezur and Artsakh is notable. Amid diplomatic clashes, Nzhdeh managed to do the impossible to preserve the independence of the region.
The historical lessons and significance of the Zangezur struggle in 1917-1920 are timeless.

• Aram Simonyan

In the work "Zangezur Struggle for Survival in 1917-1920," Aram Simonyan presents in detail, on the basis of factual material, all the events that took place from 1917 to the new stage of that struggle in July 1920, which was due to the military and strategic feat of Garegin Nzhdeh for the sake of the future of Mountainous Armenia.
It is impossible to imagine the history of Zangezur struggle without the activities of Andranik and his "Striking Military Unit." He managed to also carry on legislative activity in Zangezur.

Wars are inevitable, especially the wars fought for the homeland, which always needs protection. "If there are humans, there are also wars," says Garegin Nzhdeh in his first article from the series "Remember the War" published in 1930 in the newspaper "Hayrenik" in Boston. "The human and the war have appeared on our planet at the same time."
But why do people kill each other and shed blood? Why do wars happen; why isn't it possible to prevent them?

• Davit Mosinyan

From the very beginning of the Artsakh movement, Turkey has tried to disguise its concerns over this conflict. But shortly after, when the war began, Turkey helped Azerbaijan with everything, except conducting military actions against the Republic of Armenia. After the liberation of Karvachar in the beginning of April 1993 and after the serious defeats of Azerbaijani army in July-August, Turkey started to threaten Armenia with military invasion.
Let's analyze the Turkish policy on the Armenian Question based on the example of the last centenary of Turkish history. However, since the Armenian Question is not purely an Armenian question, it is necessary to clarify the national policy this empire has led in its country during the 103 years following the Armenian Genocide.

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

The issue of the existence of nations has been and is in the target of the globalization policy. Nations have fought against super powers to preserve their identity and their own statehood, if, of course, they have had a statehood. Many nations have disappeared along the way and their cultures and states have been destroyed. Super powers have long renounced the national and cultural traditions and moral-psychological values created by humanity; they treat humans as inanimate objects and producing tools; they consider nationality as an economic impulse, the common efforts for national self-preservation as nationalism, and those who talk about all of this, nationalists and prejudiced people...

• Davit Mosinyan

1915 was a special year not only because of the great disaster, but also because of the manifestation of the fighting spirit of Van Armenians. As a result of its heroic struggle, Van became perhaps a city-state. Alas, the heroes who created this independence did not have a chance to enjoy the fruits of their struggle. After a short time, in a situation not clear for them, Van Armenians left their Holy of Holies and took the staff of the refugee. It really was a mockery of fate.
Van Armenians rebelled against the anti-Armenian Ottoman policy "at the dawn" of the Armenian Genocide. Three heroic battles can be highlighted in their self-defense struggle.

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

On April 3 (March 21 in the old calendar) 1918, Van Armenians began their retreat. Tens of thousands of Armenians, passing about 1000 km in 133 days, reached the Iraqi deserts, having unequal self-defense fights against the Turkish-Kurdish forces on their way. Van Armenians went through this Calvary worthily fighting and eliminating the attacks of our enemies and destroying a large number of villains...
However, these episodes of our history are not found in our school history books. If not at school, then where else should the Armenians learn their history?

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

Most of the leaders of the Committee of Union and Progress who gave birth to the plan of the Armenian Genocide and carried it out as a state policy were not Turks; they were crypto-Jews who were backed up by international Zionism with all of its manifestations. What was the issue that Masons were trying to solve and because of which to this day, the Jewish state and its policy still deny the Armenian Genocide as a historical fact?

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

A tomb stone has been found in Aghdzk, with an inscription that is perhaps one of the oldest ones in Mashtots alphabet. The most ancient Armenian palace has been also excavated that covers an area of 4500 square meters. The only Armenian palace that has been preserved is the 7th-century Dvin palace as well as the Aruch palace. But in this case we go back to the 4th to 5th centuries. This is a stunning discovery for Armenian architecture.
During the excavations, also metal coins, ornaments, and buildings peculiar to urban culture have been discovered. The Armenian urban culture was developed already in the 4th century and its testimony is the prototype of the first bathroom unit. The water of the mountain spring had been delivered through an underground road to the palace.

• Hakob Simonyan

Whatever Garegin Hovsepian would undertake, he would do it with an amazing consistency. He was an unsurpassed Armenologist, philologist, art historian, editor, theologian, teacher, spiritual and national figure at the same time.
With all his gifts, intellectual and spiritual abilities, he served his nation to the end, becoming a 20th-century Ghevond Eretz in Sardarapat, survived the tragedy of the shameful fall of Kars, and later was engaged in pan-Armenian activities. The scope of his activities is truly vast.

• Kevork Yazedjian

The year 2017 marked the 150th birth anniversary of Garegin I Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia, the 120th anniversary of his ordination as priest, the 100th anniversary of his ordination as bishop, and his 65th death anniversary.
He was a man with great God-given gifts and an exemplary model of an intellectual, philologist, spiritual figure, Armenologist, editor, art critic, teacher, theologian, of a great man and Armenian. With his pontifical instructions and the national values that he confessed, he became in the Armenian reality a monumental figure, who has remained incomparable to this day.

• Kevork Yazedjian

• Samvel Karapetyan

The second volume (“Salmast”) of the series “History of Armenia” by Samvel Karapetyan, specialist in monuments and Chairman of the Yerevan office of the Research on Armenian Architecture Foundation, has been published. This series will include symbolic 36 volumes, that is, as many as the letters of the Armenian alphabet.
Such relics have been saved here from being lost or unknown, whose scholarly, historical, geographical, cultural, demographic, ethnographic and other values are undenied. This encyclopedic series will become a treasury for future researchers. But for this unique program to be accomplished, sponsors are necessary as soon as possible.

When speaking about some individuals we search for superlative adjectives-epithets, while feeling that those words do not fully correspond to what we want to express. In such cases I set my language weapons aside and express my thoughts simply and naturally, without any epithets.
It is so especially in the case of historian Petros Hovhannisyan of blessed memory. His both written and oral speech were so simple and at the same time deep that listeners and readers admired his knowledge, clarity of his thoughts and his rich vocabulary. And he did this effortlessly, without searching for words, which just flowed abundantly in his calm and well-founded speech.

• Albert Isoyan
• Andranik Hovhannisyan

The events dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the establishment of Sahagian-Noonian School in Istanbul have created a festal atmosphere in the area of Samatya, as we learn from the Armenian press of Istanbul. The last event was dedicated to the memory of Hrachia Adjarian.
The grandson of the renowned linguist, Hrachia Acharyan the junior, researcher at the Charents Museum of Literature and Art, was also invited to participate in these events.

• Hrachia Acharyan

When speaking about the responsibility of the USA policy regarding the Armenian Question, we remember President Woodrow Wilson and his policy. He was perhaps the only president in the history of the USA that was pro-Armenian or rather equitable…
How has the USA relate to the Armenian Question and the problem of eliminating the consequences of the Armenian Genocide? Why were the American Republicans against Wilson's Fourteen Points?
Wilson's Fourteen Points, the USA, the Treaty of Sèvres, the Arbitral Award… These make up a pile of ethical and legal assessments.

• Rafayel Tadevosyan

Enver and Djemal were in suspicious friendly relations with the Bolshevik Russia. On August 24, 1920, the Russians recognized the Turkish National Pact. During the months of severe famine in Povolzhie, Russia provided a huge financial help to Turkey, an unheard thing in history. The crown of the love affair between the Kemalists and the Bolsheviks was the Treaty of Kars. The Russian Federation has recognized the Armenian Genocide on paper. But what should it do today to eliminate the consequences of the Genocide?

• Rafayel Tadevosyan